MERV Filter Ratings Infographic
MERV stands for Minimum Efficiency Reporting Value. It’s a rating system developed by ASHRAE to measure how effectively an air filter captures airborne particles.
The higher the MERV number, the tighter the filter weave and the better the filter is at trapping dust, particles, and contaminants. Higher ratings capture smaller particles.
MERV 1–4 filters are economical, basic filters. They provide a low level of filtration at a low cost, typically capturing only large particles.
These are median-duty, mid-range filters that offer good general filtration at a reasonable price. They are common in many residential and light commercial applications.
MERV 9–12 filters are considered efficient, capturing particles as small as 1 micron. They provide higher air quality and are suitable for homes with allergy concerns.
MERV 13–16 filters approach HEPA-level performance. They trap particulates as small as 0.3 micron and are used in high-efficiency systems, medical environments, and areas requiring superior air quality.
Not necessarily. While higher MERV filters capture more particles, they also restrict airflow more. It’s important to choose a filter compatible with your HVAC system to avoid reduced performance or equipment strain.
Replacement frequency depends on the filter type, MERV rating, environment, and usage. As a general rule, check filters monthly and replace them every 1–3 months or as recommended by the manufacturer.
Most residential systems use MERV 5–12 filters. Higher-rated filters (MERV 13–16) are ideal where enhanced air quality is needed, such as medical settings or environments with high pollutant levels. Always verify what your HVAC system can support.